Hubbard, The Manual of Justice, 1952
(KS-43)


HCO ASSISTS ME EVERYWHERE in wearing any of my own hats. One of those 
hats (whether we like it or not it is forced on us) is Justice.
    People come to me with ethical problems with their auditors, their 
husband, their wives, their bosses. I always try to listen - always try 
to help.
    People get in trouble with the law - without aiding crime, I try to 
help these people to get processed or got to jail.
    People attack Scientology; I never forget it, always even the 
score.
    People attack auditors, or staff, or organisations, or me. I never 
forget until the slate is clear.
    All these things add up to a Justice Hat. Whether I would or no, I 
wear it.
    HCO Secretaries therefore are often faced with "Justice Problems". 
They should recognise them as such and handle them as far as they can.
    "Bring Order" also means Bring Justice. There's precious little 
real justice in the world today. So we ourselves should make a start.
    But always I try to adjudicate on the basis of the Optimum 
Solution, "The Greatest Good for the Greatest Number of Dynamics."
    But to do these things one should have some understanding of 
Justice itself.
    Most executive failures are (1) failure to help staff and (2) 
failure to understand and use the principles of justice. We should not 
fail in these matters.


              JUSTICE SUBDIVIDED

The whole subject of justice subdivides for a Scientologist into four 
phases. These are
             1. Intelligence Activities
             2. Investigation of Evidence
             3. Judgment or Punishment
             4. Rehabilitation.
  
             INTELLIGENCE

Intelligence is mostly the collection of data on people which may add 
up to a summary of right or  wrong actions on their part.
    It is basically a listening and filing action. It is done all the 
time about everything and everybody.  Then one day some random data 
make a summation that can be used. "It all adds up. " But if one never 
collected data, there would be nothing to add up. Hence, intelligence 
consists of noting data about the activities of people from all kinds 
of sources. Joe is now working for the Daily Worker. The State 
Department won't grant Pete a passport. Isabel left Texas owing money. 
It's all grist to the mill of intelligence. Carefully remembered or 
filed and cross-indexed, such data tells its own story some day. lf we 
had a folder for Joe, we'd scribble on a slip of paper, "Works now 
(1959) for Daily Worker - a Communist paper" A few weeks later, another 
scrap of paper is dropped in: "Taking B.Scn. Course Feb.  59". A few 
months later: "Joe moved in to live with Pete". We look up Pete. 
Obviously, Pete is a Commie as he can't get a U. S. passport. September 
1959 we learn that Joe is asking for a job in the Seattle Office.  We 
promptly tell Seattle, "Rat-poison. Forget Joe. "
    If we kept files like that we'd keep them like that. Some day we 
may have to. Today we do it by memory. So we listen. We add up 
associations of people with people. When a push against Scientology 
starts somewhere, we go over the people involved and weed them out. 
Push vanishes.
  
    Using intelligence to tell our friends from our enemies and acting 
fast is why we have stable organisations now where we had shambles 
before. It isn't better organization so much as more peace bought by 
more alert intelligence. We know our enemies before they hit. We keep 
them out of important positions. When we accidentally put one into a 
key post and he starts to flub, we shoot quick and get judicial 
afterwards. Aad we then add up who his friends and associates were.  
Intelligence alertness, even when we have no files, pays off in peace, 
growth, and progress. 
    APA and OCA graphs tell their stories on people. Only the ones 
whose graphs don't change under processing have been found to be real 
menaces to Dianetics and Scientology.  They have overt acts and bad 
intentions against us and they can't talk to the auditor about them, 
they feel. So they're hanged. Every one of twenty known cases who were 
evidently paid money to smash Dianetics or Scientology organizations, 
including Hart, Purcell, and van Vogt, had hung graphs. No change 
occurred in any of these cases for five or more years of known 
activity, despite all processing! So an unchanging profile over years 
of processing almost adds up to "dangerous person - has bad intentions 
toward Dianetics and Scientology". 

    Conversely, people who benefit from processing or auditors who get 
consistently good results on preclears never get snarled up enough to 
attack us. Therefore intelligence has its bright side. By facts heard 
plus profiles seen, we know our friends. 
    Intelligence is therefore that activity which collects data and 
keeps it adding up so that we know our foes from our friends and so 
that we can act to separate out the sources of trouble in any given 
situation. 
    Organizations with bad consciences usually look on HCO personnel as 
intelligence people. So HCO personnel might as well realize it, too. 
One small HCO hat is Intelligence - know our friends and our enemies 
and what they are doing. 

               INVESTIGATlON 

    When things go wrong and we don't know why already by intelligence, 
we resort to investigation. 
    When we need somebody haunted we investigate.
    Investigation is the careful discovery and sorting of facts.
    Without good investigation we don't have justice, we have random 
vengeance. 
    When we investigate we do so noisily always. And usually mere 
investigation damps out the trouble even when we discover no really 
pertinent facts. Remember that - by investigation alone we can curb 
pushes and crush wildcat people and unethical "Dianetics and 
Scientology" organizations. 

It's almost funny. We sometimes learn nothing useful and yet because 
people heard we were investigating their consciences sent them into 
headlong flight or sudden collapse. There's power in the question 
alone! 
    Here is an example. There's bad morale in a central organization. 
We don't know why. We try everything we can to up units and ease 
difficulties and yet there's bad moralle .So we investigate noisily. 
Remember, intelligence we get with a whisper. Investigation we do with 
a yell. Always. Modern cops don't really know this. They investigate 
with whispers. Doesn't pay. Why sneak up when pouncing is the only 
thing that serves us? After all, if it hasn't been whispered to us 
already and we have to investigate why keep whlspering? 
    In the low morale matter, we think over the most likely suspects 
and summon them to see us. We ask them why they're talking the way they 
are. What's wrong anyway? We call them in one at a time. We use the E-
meter. "What have you been doing to us?" And you sort it out.  
Investigation to us in Scientology is a fine art. It's like auditing. 
It they won't take a meter test, you know they're guilty. If they do, 
you can watch that needle dip a "Yes" every time you're right even when 
the suspect won't say anything verbally. You generally find that Joe is 
hoping to start a clinic in the town and thinks of the organization as 
a rival - if the central organization got knocked out, this knucklehead 
thinks, he'd be all set. So he's been diacouraging staff and starting 
rumours in the town. 
    Did you ever realize that any local viciousness against Scientology 
organizations is started by somebody for a purpose? Well, it is. Look 
at what we do. Look how dedicated staff is. How hard they work. And yet 
somebody feels we're evil? No, rumours aren't "natural". When you run 
them down you find a Commie or a millionaire who wants us dead and his 
own clinic up or a group member who is also a member of the R.C. 
    You don't rest when bad rumours are about. You investigate, you run 
them down. You find amongst ail our decent peopie some low worm who has 
been promised high position and pay if we fail. Don't discount this. In 
one instance $500, 000 was paid in cash to a man to wreck Dianetics. He 
aimost made it.  Wichita Kansas, Spring 1952. (But by intelligence and 
investigation we cost him his shirt and his spare vest as well. )
    In cross questioning people, it is as valuable to know what they've 
been told as what they've said.  "What bad things have you heard about 
the HASI?" and 'What have you said?" are the usual questions.  When you 
get on a line of data follow it right through.  
    Get the names. Write them down as you get them. Sort them out with 
what you aiready know about them. 
    Also, when in daily actions, remember this: never let anybody EVER 
say to you "Everybody says" or "Everybody thinks'' or "The field thinks 
'. Demand it once who, when, where, and what. "Everybody" turns out to 
be some nut most people would laugh at and "the field" becomes one sour 
grape that flunked his HPA two years ago. 
    In the first place, the mail even as a whole does not reflect field 
opinion ever. It's only the opinion of people who write in - and that's 
only a small part of the field. 
    Never permit a source of entheta to be generalized. If it's 
entheta, you want who, what, where, when, and you write it down and 
file it. 
    The whole field less one man could be wildly for you but staff can 
believe this silly fool is PUBLlC OPINION.
    Public opinion isn't newspapers or magazines or letters. It is 
attendance, balance sheets, book sales. 
    Therefore investigation must always be aimed at the specific 
person, the time and the place. Else you'll sink in a morass of 
generality and get nowhere. 
    When you have found your culprit, go to the next step, Judgement 
and Punishment.


 INVESTIGATION BY OUTSIDE SOURCES

Overt investigation of someone or something attacking us by an outside 
detective agency should be done more often and hang the expense. It's 
_very_ effective. Often investigation by a private detective has alone 
closed up an entheta source or a squirrel organisation. In fact at this 
writing I can't remember a time when it hasn't! 
    The reason for this is simple. Of twenty-one persons found 
attacking Dianetics and Scientology with rumours and entheta, eighteen 
of them under investigation were found to be members of the Communist 
Party or criminals, usually both. The smell of police or private 
detectives caused them to fly, to close down, to confess. 
    Hire them and damn the cost when you need to.


 PROCEDURE ON ENTHETA PRESS

In the case of a bad magazine article which is signed, use the 
following procedure:
    1: Tell them by letter to retract at once in the next issue.
    2: Hire a private detective of a national-type firm to investigate 
the _writer_, not the magazine, and get any criminal or Communist back-
ground the man has. (Because all subversive activities foolishly use 
criminals they "have something on" and men who have been paid to attack 
attack us, you'll have data incoming from the detective agency if they 
do their work well.
    3: Have your lawyers or solicitors write the magazine threatening 
suit. (Hardly ever permit a real suit -they're more of a nuisance to 
you than they're worth.)
    4: Use the data you got from the detective at long last to write 
the author of the article a very tantalizing letter. Don't give him 
your data on him. Just tell him we know something very interesting 
about him and wouldn't he like to come in and talk about it. (If he 
comes, ask him to sign a confession of collusion and slander - people 
at that level often will, just to commit suicide - and publish it in a 
paid ad in the paper if you get it.) Chances are he won't arrive. But 
he'll sure shudder into silence.
    5: Give any new data you have from the detective to your attorneys 
for their use against the magazine. 
    6: Don't let the whole matter disrupt you, take much time, or upset 
the central organization.

 INVESTIGATING A SQUIRREL

A person or an organisation using Dianetics or Scientology wrongly or 
without rights, or a wildcat magazine, is best shut down o rhsut up by 
hiring a private detective. Tell the detective "We don't care if they 
know you're investigating them for us. In fact, the louder the better."
    Detectives cost dozens of dollars or pounds. They save thousands. 
When you get their data, give it to your attorneys for any action they 
want. Or post it.

 WHEN TO SUE

Never if you can help it. It consumes time, means little but trouble 
for you. Suits are basically best as threats. 

 WHEN BEING INVESTIGATED

lf you are being investigated or if the Central Organization is - sit 
tight, don't co-operate.
    Be legal according to the laws of the land in the first place. 
After that kick investigators or reporters downstairs.
    Press interviews usually end up as entheta or they are cover-ups 
for an investigation Never co-operate. Be indifferent. Don't let the 
central organization co-operate wlth "press" ever That's a lesson hard 
to learn. Press people are so persuasive They are going to "help" so 
much. Look at a newspaper. ls it helping anybody? Press and other 
queries are counter-investigation.
    Never spook if investigated. And don't co-operate. Sit tight. Be 
siIent. Make the investigator talk. Gradually put him into session if 
you can. Put him in birth or get him three feet back of his head. But 
don't co-operate or volunteer data. lt's not that you've anything to 
hide. It's just that investigators can't duplicate. They pervert things 
they "hear''
    Your whole answer to anyone is "This is an institution that has a 
definite high standing throughout the world, Why don't you see our 
attorneys?" This kills press and cops alike. 
    l've seen an outside investigation of a guiltless organization put 
the whole place in a flap and cost it two days' work or more. I've seen 
an org anization fall apart by suspending operation for ten days while 
it permitted itself to he investigated.  So don't co-operate. If you 
don't scare or cringe, the menace fades away. 
    People feel when they're investigated they must have done something 
wrong even when they haven't. If it's wrong to honestly help people 
then we're wrong-not otherwise So never spook. 

           JUDGMENT AND PUNISHMENT

None of us like to judge or to punish. Yes we may be the only people on 
Earth with a right to punish-since we can undo the damage we do in most 
cases. Therefore never punish beyond our easy ability to remedy by 
auditing and restoration. 
     Judging must be done on the basis of clear-cut evidence and the 
person to be guilty must be guilty beyond reasonable doubt.  Only then, 
punish. 
 Guilt is established by a person's actions and statements, by 
witnesses and written evidence and by an expertly run E-meter. A person 
can be guilty without realizing he did wrong. What criminal ever does 
realize how wrong his actions are? 

 POINTS TO ESTABLISH

    1. What is the crime? This must be established first. It must be 
something that can be phrased in- a sentence or two. It must be 
unacceptable to the general good of all. lt must contain actual injury 
to someone or something. And the criminal is usually rewarded in some 
fashion by someone or even by perverted satisfaction. 
   2. Who is guilty of the crime? Is it the person himself or an 
associate he aided? An associate or even a silent non-part!cipant who 
knew but didn't warn the victim can be judged guilty of the crime. 
   3. Who are the accusers? In this case it is usually us. But you'll 
get ethics cases where it is another. What do they accuse the person 
of? 
   4. Who are the witnesses? Crimes don't always have witnesses but 
when they do, it helps to question them. Witnesses are no whole answer 
to anything. They lie, they don't observe well, they have prejudices. 
But some weight can be given to their testimony.  They can almost be 
safely omitted if you're in a hurry and have an E-meter. 
    5. What happened? This is so important that most trials spend much 
of their time on it. It is ridiculous sometimes how prejudice and 
vengeance and plain lack of the ability to confront confuse the story. 
"Getting the facts" is a police idea of investigation. They seem more 
interested in the script than in what crime and who did it. To speed 
evidence, be a good auditor-question closely and rapidly. What did he 
or they do or say and where? 
   6. Weigh the evidence and decide if the crirne was actually 
committed and by whom. 
   7. Establish the importance of the crime in terrns of damage done or 
threatened.

 PUNISHMENT

Our punishment is not as unlimited as you might think. Dianetics and 
Scientology are self protecting sciences. If one attacks them one 
attacks all the know-how of the mind. In caves the bank. It's gruesome 
to see sometimes. 
    At this instance there are men hiding in terror on Earth because 
they found out what they were attacking. There are men dead because 
they attacked us - for instance Dr Joe Winter. He simply realised what 
he did and died. There are men bankrupt because they attacked us - 
Purcell, Ridgeway, Ceppos. 
 So punishment almost takes care of itself, However, there is an 
immediacy necessary at times in some matters which makes punishment 
necessary. 
    Where a certified auditor attacks the central organization or 
flagrantly breaks the code, punishment is simple: suspend his 
certificates. Any HCO Secretary has authority to do so. 
    Where an employee acts in a corrupt or bad fashion, fire him or 
suspend him or her. 
    When a squirrel organization sets up, suspend the certificate of 
everyone who joined it. Cancel the certificate of the person who 
started it. Use civil authorities when absolutely necessary, as in 
embezzlement or mayhem, but try to operate without calling in local 
law. We always do better ourselves or with private detectives. Local 
law today means reporters and cases tried in the press. Keep our name 
good. 
    And always punish quietly but publicly. Post it on the Public Board 
for a day. Never put it in a magazine or write the field letters about 
it. 
    Remember this: we are a theta line. Leave the entheta to others. 
Act on entheta but don't add to it. Remember, orderly justice as 
described in this booklet also brings order. Be as happy if they're 
innocent as if they're guilty. But don't neglect rumours, squirrel 
organizations and publications or Commie or criminal personnel. Be 
just. Don't ordinarily put a head on a pike unless it's the right head. 
But remember that there are times when it's vitally necessary to put 
some head, any head, on a pike to quell rising disorder. Just remember 
that justice is an action to deter disorder aud secure the public 
safety. But if you do put the wrong head on a pike, he sure to put it 
back on the body again as soon as the need for its being on a pike is 
over. Justice is not always the matter of an individual. It is a short-
term method of bringng order and it is needed for all dynamics. 
                     
                 REHABILITATION 

Rome destroyed herself by failing to follow (or know) the necessity of 
rehabilitation.  Russia is caving in for the same lack. Every modern 
nation at this time of writing makes more criminals than it captures - 
hence Hitler's criminal rise to power. 
    When you punish a man you punish also his family and friends. Even 
it you slayed the man you woulld then still have his friends and family 
as your enemies. If you slay everyone he knew- why, they have friends 
and families, too-and at last you've got a whole populace against you. 
    You punish a man. He goes away to join the ranks of the squirrels.
    You swell the opposition. Don't do it.
    Shoot the offender for the public good and then patch him up 
quietly.
    That isn't even mercy. It's good sense.


           THE BASIS OF ALL CRIME

    You have to know this about offenders against Scientology, its 
organizations and people. ARC Breaks can be caused by an overt act 
against us. If a person does something bad to us (even when we did 
nothing to him) he now has an ARC break with us, Without our knowing it 
he is a little bit of an enemy of ours. 
    So he now, having an ARC Break, again offends against us. He is 
more our enemy. And so he goes until at last he can't rest until he 
kills us dead.
   That is the route of crime and criminals. They rob, they hurt. The 
more they do, the more reason then think they should have to do so. 
They dream up motivators madly, seeking to justify their acts. This in 
the field we see as entheta. We do precious little to hurt people. 
Therefore when they do something against us they have to lie and scream 
to justify it.
     Factually when they start this they're on their way out. Offenders 
against us get ill because they can never truly justify it.
     It is mercy to put the padlock on such a person's activities. 
Every word he says or writes against us, every plot he enters into, 
alike push him further and further down.
     How bad can it get? We have evidence in a book Dr Winter wrote. He 
knew it consisted of stolen ideas and entheta lies. Every copy it sold 
killed him a little more. And one day he died. He couldn't even be 
audited since he had tried to damn the thing that had almout saved him, 
his marriage, his children.
     So it is mercy, not revenge, to prompts our justice. (1) We must 
not neglect it and (2) we must not fail to rehabilitate.   
     Put the culprit on the E-meter. Ask him as a repetitive command 
"What have you done to us? " Cover the HASI, the staff people, HCO, 
myself, anything you can think of, rephrasing the question each time 
the last version is flat.
    Only when all this is off will what we have done to the culprit 
free. If the case is a true criminal case - totally hardened down to 
no-guilt for anything - you would have to run "Recall a time you have 
done something" for a long long time before you could release the 
specific overts against Dianetics and Scientology.
    When he's turned loose again he will not try to wreck you. He will 
have regained his ethic level-providing you balanced the case out with 
motivators "What has been done to you? "
    It is a relief to a bad case to be punished. Sometimes they choose 
us for their executioners - worse luck. More often than not you as my 
representative get selected as the person to wield the axe and a 
criminal-type will try and try to get you to use an axe on him. It 
would feel so good to be punished after lives of crime. Axe him-but 
rehabilitate him too. 


 WHOM TO SUSPECT

Suspect people who have the following:

   1. Criminal connections or background.
   2. Communist membership or leanings (they attack all source ).
   3. Low OCA/APA graphs.
   4. Auditors who get bad results on preclears.
   5. People low on the tone scale particularly physiologically
       (physiology not always reliable).
   6. People who don t pay their bills and who want it all free.
   7. People who tell you you could reach so many people if only you'd
       help them or their friends.
   8. Press.
   9. People who can t work.
  10. People who break up machinery or Mest.

    If you simply swept all these out of every central organization 
you'd be a real winner.  (Never consent to a post being filled with a 
bad person because the post is empty. An empty post is better than one 
badly filled always . ) 

 WHOM TO TRUST 

Trust the following: 
   1. Auditors whose good results you have actually seen on graphs
       (never by repute the best auditor in town - this is press
       agentry not results).
   2. People who are able to work.
   3. People who get a job done easily.
   4. People whose Mest is in good shape.
   5. People who are routinely in good health.
   6. People whose cases run easily.
   7. People with high OCA or APA graphs.
   8. People in general. 
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